The current state of producing of nanostructured composite materials based on polymers like molecular brushes was described. Experimental results established that using hydrophobic nanoparticles allows to effectively integrate the nanoparticles into the brush polymer monolayer with different length of the side chainsIn this case for composite monolayer formation we need to spread an aliquot of the polymer and nanoparticles simultaneously on the surface of the water subphase using Langmuir–Blodgett technique.