From the History of Physics

Formation and Development of Solar Radio Astronomy in Saratov

The article presents the memories of one of the initiators of radio-astronomy research at Saratov State University. The creation of a radio astronomical group in the laboratory of astronomy and geophysics and the development of radiophysical methods for predicting the solar activity are being discussed. The theoretical substantiation and practical implementations of the precision differential-switching microwave polarimetry method are considered. The development of two radio telescopes and a programmatic-analytical method for controlling small radio telescopes are described.

The Sixth Congress of Russian Physicists in Saratov (August 15, 1928)

Authors: Usanov D. A., Anikin V. M.

The final meeting of the VI Congress of Russian physicists (Volga-Congress), plenary reports of which were presented in the Volga university cities, was held on August 15, 1928 in Saratov. The future Nobel laureate, the German physicist Max Born, the Dutch physicist and chemist Anton Eduard Van Arkel, professor at the German Karl-Ferdinand University in Prague Philipp Frank spoke at the Great Physical Auditorium of Saratov State University.

Saratov Pages of the History of Physics: V. P. Jousset, E. F. Gross

Authors: Usanov D. A.

The facts from the biography of V. P. Zhuze and E. F. Gross, related to their work at the Saratov State University, have been described. The content of new effects and relationships, which were established for the first time by V. P. Zhuze and E. F. Gross and became the history of semiconductor physics, has been briefly described. The information on the development of the research direction, for the first time organized at the Saratov State University by V. P. Zhuze, after his departure has been presented. The conclusion on the influence of V. P. Zhuze and E. F.

“Enter into Action before Declaration by Governing Senate” (On the History of the Establishment of the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics at Saratov State University)

Authors: Anikin V. M.

The full verified text of the Decree of the Provisional Government of Russia dated July 1 (14), 1917, from the newspaper “Newsletter of the Provisional Government” dated July 23 (August 5), 1917, about the establishment of the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics at the Saratov University is analyzed. The main milestones of the biography of Pavel Ivanovich Preobrazhensky (1874–1944), are given.

Physics of Free-electron Lasers in Saratov State University

Authors: Anikin V. M., Tsoy V. I.

In the early 1970s, Saratov State University carried out research on the creation of a Compton free electron laser. The scientific group was headed by Boris Gennadievich Tsikin, associate professor of the electronics chair. The results of these works were published in central scientific journals and presented at international and allUnion scientific conferences. They received a positive assessment in the review articles published in the journal «Physics-Uspekhi». The investigations of physicists from SSU are interesting pages in the history of the creation of free-electron lasers.

Faculty of Physics and Mathematics of Saratov State University (1917–1945)

Authors: Anikin V. M.

The article systematizes historical data on the opening in 1917 and the subsequent development of the Physics and Mathematics Department of Saratov University during 1917–1945. Professor Vladimir D. Zernov, Master of Physics, a student of the world famous professor of Moscow University Peter N. Lebedev was elected the first Dean of the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics on September 5, 1917. The further development of the faculty was held with the participation of leading Russian scientists.

D. I. Blokhintsev about the Spiritual Foundations of Scientific Creativity

Authors: Pervushin V. N.

The Corresponding Member of the USSR AS Dmitrii Ivanovich Blokhintsev (10.01.1908 — 29.01.1979), one of the pioneers of atomic science and technology in USSR, the organizer and the first director of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna, has his original opinions about the spiritual foundations of scientific creativity. In this brief paper, we try to treat his opinions and show how they are working in the modern physics and cosmology of the Early Universe.

Scientific and Educational Physical Schools in Saratov (on the 80th Anniversary of the Saratov Region)

Authors: Usanov D. A., Anikin V. M.

We present a brief history of scientific-educational schools in physics in Saratov since the founding of Saratov University (1909). Saratov belongs to Russian industrial centers that have extensive experience of research, development of technology of electronic equipment, training for this field of science and technology. The outstanding scientist Peter N. Lebedev was at the forefront of physical education and science in Saratov.

Nikolai N. Semenov: Volga-Region Themes of the Life

Authors: Anikin V. M., Usanov D. A.

Some pages of the biography of Nikolai N. Semenov, Academician, Nobel Prize for Chemistry, connected to Volga-region period of his life, are described.